Version 1.8b will include code to automatically detect spams and raise a netwide alert to prevent further messages from being distributed. The backbone servers will warn each other and the other servers and hopefully spams will stop being such a nuisance. I don't think we'll get into a sword and shield war because spammers are technically unsophisticated individuals following simple instructions they've read in a book. If they can get their message through to the Majordomo and ListProc lists and to usenet, they'll be happy enough. It's all numbers to them anyway, if getting X targets out of LISTSERV takes 10 times as much effort as getting them out of other software, they'll concentrate on the other software. Eric