Roger Burns recently wrote: > >But there are two sides to this issue. Protection also *attracts* >subscribers. > I agree with this, but only from experience. A priori I would have agreed with the earlier poster, who argued that too many layers of protection are inhibitory. As long as subscribers don't find it awkward to post and obtain regular list mail, many seem to prefer making accessing other features a bit awkward at the margins in exchange from protection from spammers. Every list is different; and some are expressly targeted more often than others. In the case of BIOSPH-L, I had the usenet gateway closed and set posting to subscriber-only because of the prevalance of mail header forging in spam. Since there is no way to get back at these spammers (and attempts to do so usually end up torturing innocent postmasters), I closed the spigot for all but the most intent, and received support or at least understanding from all the active participants on the list. Your list is different, so your milage will vary. Dave Phillips BIOSPH-L list owner