This question was asked and answered about a year ago on this list, but I am hoping the answer may have changed over time.... ;-) My understanding is that LISTSERV 1.8d has built-in DBMS support for two main functions: 1) as a data store for list membership information, and 2) as a back-end for ad hoc mail-merge jobs. Both of these functions, and especially the latter, would be tasks well-suited for an LDAP-based directory service. In the first case, the list membership information could be stored as attributes within person and/or group directory entries, allowing for dynamic updates of e-mail addresses, full names, etc., based on current directory data. In the second case, LDAP search filters (queries) could be utilized to dynamically generate DISTRIBUTE jobs for mail-merge and mass-mailing applications. An example of this at a university would be to send e-mail to all current sophomore students with an English major and a 3.5 GPA or higher (assuming this information is stored in the directory). LDAP-based directories, utilities, and interfaces are now widely available, and many organizations already provide this service to their customers (internal and/or external) for other purposes, such as online phone book applications. If LISTSERV could take advantage of this capability, instead of requiring a conventional RDBMS application to be created, it would provide a great benefit to its users. Please consider this a request for such a feature. Thanks, Alan -- Alan S. Dobkin, Operating Systems Analyst Windows NT Group, Enterprise Systems Support Information Technology Division, Emory University