There are more ways to spoof the moderators/owners PLUS an occasional rotten MTA that spoofs the bounces back to the list. Thus, if you level of control is extreme, you should consider more options which include the "OK" mechanism. Frequently mentioned on LSTOWN-L is the following advice: http://www.lsoft.com/manuals/1.8d/owner/appendb.html#keySend In particular, please note: "When the "Hold" option is enabled (Send= Editor,Hold), the moderator(s) may approve postings using the "OK" mechanism rather than forwarding the posts back to the list. "Hold" is valid only with "Editor". When the "Confirm" option is enabled (e.g., Send=Editor,Confirm), mail sent by any editor or moderator requires confirmation by that editor or moderator. This is to prevent a user from forging mail to the list under an editor's or moderator's return address. The confirmation request is validated with the "OK" mechanism. Please note that this does not mean that a double validation is required when an editor approves other peoples' postings, but only that the editor's own postings to the list and any reposts he does on others' behalf require a confirmation from him that he actually submitted them. In other words if the editor simply "OK"s a posting, he doesn't have to "OK" his own "OK". It is also possible to set a list to * Send= Editor,Hold,Confirm This allows you to "OK" both subscriber submissions and editor/moderator approvals, as described above." Pete Weiss @ Penn State