Though I do not know what technology they use (I don't think it has anything to do w/ L-Soft's products), The Chronicle of Higher Education has a subscriber-only e-mail newsletter that one can join, using hardcopy publication address label info which gets plugged into the HTTP subscription form. A LISTSERV technique that we have found very useful is to DEFAULT-OPTIONS= REVIEW (for a SEND= PRIVATE, SUBSCRIPTION= OPEN,CONFIRM) discussion group of wide-area colleagues). As time permits and appropriate, we follow-up with a QUIET SET listname NOREV FOR subscriber/poster This "keeps out" the mid-nite spam/scammers from subscribing and posting. Yes, there is some cost to the list-owners, but for the scale of that operation, it "worked." YMMV /Pete unplugged but not disconnected Retired PSU