Most important of all, Listserv has CP class D, which enables it to access the system spool and transfer files from any account to itself. That way, at periodic intervals (adjusted by the coordinator), Listserv checks the readers of all the dummy VM accounts which represent the lists, transfers any files found in them and proceeds to process them. If they turn out to be valid MAIL or NOTE files (or other kinds, if the proper options are set on the list definition), Listserv adds/changes the necessary headers and sends them out to all subscribed members (and any peers, if they exist), using MAILER, via a neat trick so they appear as being sent from the lists themselves. Since all this requires special privileges and changes in configurations, it is pretty well protected against malicious users. (although you never know... ;-) ) Hope this helps. Juan