I would like to thank all the people who sent me examples of recent duplicate postings from MAIL-L (or was that XMAILER?). However, this is not the same problem as the one I was referring to - this one is perfectly understood, and there is nothing I can do about it. The problem is that for some reason, MAILER "forgets" to punch the RFC822 header from time to time. That is, you get a note with just the 'Received:' tag that it has added, a blank line, and the body of the mail. Since I have already seen such "maimed" headers on private mail items, I know that this is not LISTSERV forgetting to punch the headers when it sends the note to LISTSERV (besides which, if that were the case, MAILER would not accept the note). Anyway, LISTSERV gets a note from a peer list with the inter-peer headers lost (in fact it doesn't even have a 'From:' field), and must choose between discarding it (in which case some recipients of the list wouldn't see the message) and re-distributing it a new a item, in which case some people will get a duplicate. I chose to code the latter, which is why you may get two copies of the note, one showing its real origin and the other one from [log in to unmask] In the case of POLYGRAF, the headers were identical, with the exception of the 'Received:' tags. Eric