The "Internet-Via=" keyword was added to solve a very particular and urgent problem that I was having at KTH several years ago, with influential people breathing down my neck. The problem in question has since then ceased to be an issue, but since I've found other uses for the keyword for debugging/testing purposes, I haven't removed it. However, it isn't supposed to solve any particular problem other than the original one I was having, you should view it as an internal undocumented keyword. If it happens to be useful to you, great, but I don't claim it's useful for anything :-) What it does is rewrite all Internet addresses to user%host@internet-via before proceeding with the delivery. The original problem/design called for both the LISTSERV host and the "Internet-Via=" host to be BITNET nodes, but the code will make the transformation even if this is not the case. "NJE-Via=" does the same for BITNET addresses. This allowed me to gateway certain lists through hosts that had specific gatewaying properties that were wanted by the (influential) subscribers. Nowadays, I use "Internet-Via=" to stress test mail delivery machines. I take a big list and force all the messages to go through the host I am testing, simply to push some traffic through the machine and see how it handles it. There are probably better ways to do that, but this works and is already there. It doesn't matter how the messages reach the test machine exactly, as long as they do. When I'm happy that the machine is working, I use it for whatever it was meant to do and turn off the redirection. You can probably make it work for you if, in addition, you add the Internet-Via host to the LOCAL setenv. This will make LISTSERV pass the delivery directly to your sendmail, which will open one connection to the Internet-Via host and send it everything. Eric