I don't think we need to do anything that drastic. I haven't seen the article but I'm getting the impression that it failed to mention that the sites that were reviewed all use mainframe horsepower to deliver their mail. It's a secret for no one that this costs a whole lot of money. This doesn't mean that mailing lists are doomed, it just means people are going to have to deliver their mail on cheaper machines. Many sites have offloaded their bulk mail delivery to a PC or workstation while keeping LISTSERV on VM, with very good results. All the sites mentioned in the article (or at least mentioned in the reviews posted to this list) are looking into doing just that, and the costs for such solutions keep going down. So, I am not worried at all. Bean counters have a threshold below which they don't bug you any longer because they see POs by that amount 20 times a day, and we're getting pretty close to this threshold in the case of sites with moderate workloads (~50-150k). Actually some sites have been able to recycle machines that were being used as a doorpost and turn them into mainframe offload controllers :-) Eric