Regardless of LISTSERV(R) processing, if I were able to spoof an RFC821 MAIL FROM:< > field along with RCPT TO:< >, could I not effectuate the same problem from any mail server? Put another way, this is an SMTP protocol spoofing problem, and not a LISTSERV(R) solution. Nevertheless, LISTSERV(R) is able to detect SPAM (if the heuristics are not defeated by mis-configuration) at near current levels of code. -- co-owner: INFOSYS, TQM-L, CPARK-L, ERAPPA-L, JANITORS, LDBASE-L, et -L URL:mailto:[log in to unmask] "Are you a bandwidth bandit?"