Simple solutions to spammer problems: I don't allow spammers into my list. :) My list is set to subscribe by owner. I make sure that the person belongs on my list before I subscribe them, usually by an exchange of four or five e-mails. If this satisfies my own curiosity I will subscribe them to my list. In addition, I require that anybody whom I subscribe to my list send in an introduction to the list within two weeks of having been subscribed. To this point in time, I have only had one person who has not done that, so with proper warning, I unsubscribed them. Needless to say, that got the person's attention and he promptly sent me his introduction to be posted to the list. I do this because it is important to me to make sure that both myself and my list members feel comfortable with everybody on the list, and such a tactic may not be neccesary for all lists. I suspect if somebody cared to try hard enough, they could probably subscribe themselves to my list by forging my e-mail address, so I've been toying with the idea of editing my header to read *Subscription= By Owner, confirm Is this valid syntax, albeit perhaps somewhat redundant? If this is valid syntax, does it ask the list owner for the confirmation or the subscriber? Glenn