Pauline Marshall wrote: >But with subscribe by_owner for this reason, you now defeat the 'confirm', >and could subscribe bogus addresses. It is unfortunally, a choice you >have to make. :( Or, you verify the addresses before you add them to the list. A simple "Did you try to subscribe yourself to the <listname> list? If you did, please respond to this message as I would like to verify your intent to join." Actually, my own message is quite a bit longer than than, but I have some very specific things which I need to say when I reply to a request for people to join and I also need further information from that person before I add them to the list if I am not convinced of their authenticity as a person. This last bit is super easy to tell based upon what they write in the e-mail itself, easier than most people might imagine if your list is very specifically geared toward a certain topic. Glenn, who believes that in certain circumstances, by the nature of certain lists, subscription of "open,confrim" leaves much to be desired.